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Studies of both semantic priming and the generation effect (GE) have implicated spreading activation in semantic memory and have provided evidence for a semantic memory access disorder in patients with dementia. Fifteen subjects consisting of young, elderly, and demented patients participated in a semantic priming/GE task to determine whether the act of generating a semantic prime enhanced activation and reduced reaction times to related items. Reaction times were recorded for semantically related and unrelated targets presented after either read or generated word pair cues. From the results it was suggested that generating a prime provided little benefit for young subjects or subjects with dementia; elderly subjects benefited more from generating information than from reading it. Implications for theories of dementia and normal aging are discussed.
Key Words: semantic priming, generation effect, dementia, aging, word retrieval
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