American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology Vol.21 S115-S125 May 2012. doi:10.1044/1058-0360(2012/11-0114)
© American Speech-Language-Hearing Association
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Select Papers From the 41st Clinical Aphasiology Conference

Predicting Story Goodness Performance From Cognitive Measures Following Traumatic Brain Injury

Karen Lêa
Carl Coelhoa
Jennifer Mozeikoa
Frank Kruegerb
Jordan Grafmanc
a University of Connecticut, Storrs
b George Mason University, Fairfax, VA
c Kessler Foundation Research Center, West Orange, NJ

Correspondence to Jordan Grafman: jgrafman{at}kesslerfoundation.org

Purpose: This study examined the prediction of performance on measures of the Story Goodness Index (SGI; Lê, Coelho, Mozeiko, & Grafman, 2011) from executive function (EF) and memory measures following traumatic brain injury (TBI). It was hypothesized that EF and memory measures would significantly predict SGI outcomes.

Method: One hundred sixty-seven individuals with TBI participated in the study. Story retellings were analyzed using the SGI protocol. Three cognitive measures—Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS; Delis, Kaplan, & Kramer, 2001) Sorting Test, Wechsler Memory Scale—Third Edition (WMS–III; Wechsler, 1997) Working Memory Primary Index (WMI), and WMS–III Immediate Memory Primary Index (IMI)—were entered into a multiple linear regression model for each discourse measure. Two sets of regression analyses were performed, the first with the Sorting Test as the first predictor and the second with it as the last.

Results: The first set of regression analyses identified the Sorting Test and IMI as the only significant predictors of performance on measures of the SGI. The second set identified all measures as significant predictors when evaluating each step of the regression function.

Conclusion: The cognitive variables predicted performance on the SGI measures, although there were differences in the amount of explained variance. The results (a) suggest that storytelling ability draws on a number of underlying skills and (b) underscore the importance of using discrete cognitive tasks rather than broad cognitive indices to investigate the cognitive substrates of discourse.

Key Words: discourse analysis, cognition, brain injury, narratives, executive function


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