American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology Vol.2 84-92 January 1993.
© American Speech-Language-Hearing Association
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The Removable R-Appliance as a Practice Device to Facilitate Correct Production of /r/

Charlene E. Clark 1
Ilsa E. Schwarz 2

Robert W. Blakeley 1
1 Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland
2 University of Oregon, Eugene

The remediation of /r/ articulation errors in school-age children often poses a challenge for speech-language pathologists. This study was designed to investigate whether an appliance placed in the maxillary arch would facilitate the production of /r/, whether intervention with or without a direct auditory model and with or without the appliance would have significant effect on treatment success, and whether the appliance would be a feasible treatment adjunct for speech-language pathologists who treat school-age children. Thirty-six school-age subjects were randomly assigned to one of four treatment groups. Each subject was seen individually for 15 minutes twice weekly for a period of 6 weeks. Results of the study indicated that the R-appliance was considered to be a useful clinical tool by the speech-language pathologists. Statistically significant differences in favor of the children who used the R-appliance, with either treatment model, were noted at all levels of production—sound, word, and spontaneous speech. In addition, at the level of spontaneous speech, the R-appliance combined with the direct auditory model treatment yielded significantly better results than the R-appliance combined with the non-auditory model.

Key Words: R-appliance, /r/ treatment; instrumentation

Submitted on April 17, 1991
Accepted on September 21, 1992


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M. Adler-Bock, B. M. Bernhardt, B. Gick, and P. Bacsfalvi
The Use of Ultrasound in Remediation of North American English /r/ in 2 Adolescents
Am J Speech Lang Pathol, May 1, 2007; 16(2): 128 - 139.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]