American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology Vol.19 22-33 February 2010. doi:10.1044/1058-0360(2009/08-0021)
© American Speech-Language-Hearing Association
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Research

Impact of Personal Relevance and Contextualization on Word-Picture Matching by People With Aphasia

Miechelle L. McKelvey
University of Nebraska-Kearney

Karen Hux
University of Nebraska-Lincoln

Aimee Dietz
University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH

David R. Beukelman
University of Nebraska-Lincoln

Contact author: Miechelle McKelvey, 1615 West 24th Street, COE Building, Room B141, University of Nebraska-Kearney, Kearney, NE 68849-5553. E-mail: mckelveyml{at}unk.edu.

Purpose: To determine the effect of personal relevance and contextualization of images on the preferences and word-picture matching accuracy of people with severe aphasia.

Method: Eight adults with aphasia performed 2 experimental tasks to reveal their preferences and accuracy during word-picture matching. The researchers used 3 types of visual stimuli—personally relevant, contextualized photographs; non-personally relevant, contextualized photographs; and noncontextualized, iconic images—paired with 3 types of target words—labels of people or objects, actions, and socially relevant events—as the stimulus materials.

Results: Data analysis showed that participants (a) preferred using personally relevant, contextualized photographs rather than other types of photographs/images to represent target words and (b) performed more accurate word-picture matching when presented with target words associated with personally relevant, contextualized photographs than target words associated with noncontextualized or nonpersonalized photographs/images.

Conclusions: Clinically, the findings highlight the importance of using personally relevant, contextualized photographs rather than generic contextualized photographs or noncontextualized, iconic images to support the communication attempts of people with aphasia who cannot communicate effectively using natural speech alone.

Key Words: aphasia, visual scenes, visual information


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