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American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology Vol.15 236-246 August 2006. doi:10.1044/1058-0360(2006/022)
© American Speech-Language-Hearing Association
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Research

Comparison of Meaning and Graphophonemic Feedback Strategies for Guided Reading Instruction of Children With Language Delays

Theresa A. Kouri
University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls

Carrie A. Selle
St. Alexius Medical Center, Bismarck, ND

Sarah A. Riley
Grant Wood Area Education Agency, Cedar Rapids, IA

Contact author: Theresa A. Kouri, University of Northern Iowa, CAC 233, Cedar Falls, IA 50614-0356. E-mail: theresa.kouri{at}uni.edu

PURPOSE: Guided reading is a common practice recommended for children in the early stages of literacy development. While experts agree that oral reading facilitates literacy skills, controversy exists concerning which corrective feedback strategies are most effective. The purpose of this study was to compare feedback procedures stemming from 2 different theoretical perspectives on literacy development.

METHOD: Fourteen children with specific language impairment (SLI) and 21 with typically developing language read aloud 2 stories to an adult examiner who presented corrective feedback prompts when reading miscues (errors) occurred. One type of feedback based on whole language principles emphasized meaning aspects of a text. The other type consisted of graphophonemic (GP) word-decoding strategies. Before reading, participants were provided instruction on 5 key words taken from each story text. This instruction emphasized either meaning or GP aspects of specific key words. Story comprehension questions followed readings.

RESULTS: Findings indicated that more miscued words were corrected overall through the use of GP feedback cues; however, some meaning-based instructional advantages were indicated for key word identifications for children with SLI. Higher story comprehension scores were yielded in the GP condition for both groups.

CONCLUSIONS: Both meaning-based and phonemic key word reviews, prior to oral reading, appear to be effective strategies for children with SLI. The use of GP word-decoding cues may be more effective than meaning-based cues for facilitating correction of reading miscues during children's oral readings. Further research findings are discussed along with clinical implications for using corrective feedback procedures.

Key Words: language impaired children, literacy instruction, guided reading, feedback cues, oral reading cues


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