Disabilities as Viewed by Four Generations of One Hispanic Family

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Forty members of one Hispanic family ranging in age from 21 to 96 years were interviewed by a bilingual professional who was also a family member. The interviews were conducted in the homes of the participants in the language of their choice. The results indicate that culture plays an important role in folk and medical belief systems regarding health and illness. Stereotypical attitudes of this cultural group toward the causes and treatment of disabilities, including communication disorders, were both supported and rejected. Analysis of the responses to the closed-ended questions indicated that a large number and variety of folk beliefs were held by participants and varied according to factors such as age, income, education, and gender. In contrast, strong beliefs in medically based causes and cures of disabilities were apparent across the generations and showed little variation by age, income, education, or gender. Responses to open-ended questions indicated that medical beliefs were more frequently reported than folk beliefs. Clinical implications of the results of this research reinforce the need for professionals to increase their cultural awareness, knowledge and skills in order to provide culturally sensitive clincial services.

Key Words: folk beliefs, health and illness, culture, Hispanic, disability

Submitted on July 13, 2000
Accepted on July 18, 2001

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